Guru Nanak Jayanti, also known as Gurpurab, is one of the most revered and significant festivals for Sikhs around the world. It commemorates the birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. This auspicious occasion is celebrated with great enthusiasm and devotion by millions of Sikhs, not only in India but also across the globe.


The Life and Teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji

Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born on the full moon day in the month of Kartik (October-November) in 1469 in the village of Rai Bhoi Di Talwandi, now known as Nankana Sahib, in present-day Pakistan. From a young age, he showed a profound interest in spirituality and was deeply compassionate towards the suffering of humanity.

Guru Nanak Dev Ji's teachings were centered on the concept of one universal God, whom he referred to as "Ik Onkar," meaning "One Creator." He emphasized the importance of meditation, honest living, sharing with the less fortunate, and living a life of selfless service to others. He preached the values of equality, humility, and love for all, regardless of caste, creed, or gender.

The Celebration of Guru Nanak Jayanti

Guru Nanak Jayanti is celebrated on the full moon day of Kartik, according to the Nanakshahi calendar followed by Sikhs. The festivities usually span three days, with the main celebrations taking place at gurdwaras (Sikh places of worship) and Sikh homes.

Day 1: Akhand Path

The celebration begins with the commencement of the Akhand Path, a continuous recitation of the Guru Granth Sahib (the holy scripture of Sikhs). The Akhand Path typically takes 48 hours, with devotees taking turns to read and listen to the sacred verses.

Day 2: Nagar Kirtan

On the second day, the festivities continue with a grand Nagar Kirtan (religious procession). The procession features the Sikh holy book, Guru Granth Sahib, placed on a beautifully decorated float, which is carried through the streets while devotees sing hymns and chants. The Nagar Kirtan is a vibrant and joyous affair, with people from all walks of life coming together to participate.

Day 3: Gurudwara Visits and Langar

On the final day of Guru Nanak Jayanti, Sikhs visit their local gurdwaras before dawn. The gurdwaras are beautifully illuminated, and the atmosphere is filled with devotion and reverence. Devotees offer prayers and listen to kirtan (devotional singing) that glorifies Guru Nanak Dev Ji's teachings and life.

Following the morning prayers, a special langar (community meal) is organized at gurdwaras and other Sikh institutions. Langar is an integral part of Sikhism, where everyone, regardless of caste or social status, sits together and shares a simple vegetarian meal prepared by volunteers. This practice emphasizes the principles of equality and humility.

Guru Nanak Jayanti Around the World

Guru Nanak Jayanti is not only celebrated in India but also in Sikh communities worldwide. Sikhs living in countries like the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, Malaysia, and Singapore organize various events and processions to mark this auspicious occasion. The celebrations serve as a way for Sikhs to connect with their faith, culture, and heritage, fostering a sense of unity among the community members.

Conclusion

Guru Nanak Jayanti is a time of spiritual reflection, gratitude, and devotion for Sikhs all over the world. It is an occasion to commemorate the profound teachings and exemplary life of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, who laid the foundation of Sikhism based on the principles of love, compassion, and service to humanity. The celebration of Guru Nanak Jayanti not only strengthens the bonds within the Sikh community but also spreads the message of peace, harmony, and oneness among people of all backgrounds and beliefs.

FAQs

  1. Q: When is Guru Nanak Jayanti celebrated?

    • A: Guru Nanak Jayanti is celebrated on the full moon day of Kartik (October-November).

  2. Q: What are the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji?

    • A: Guru Nanak Dev Ji emphasized the oneness of God, meditation, honest living, and service to others.

  3. Q: How long does the Akhand Path usually last?

    • A: The Akhand Path typically takes 48 hours, with continuous recitation of the Guru Granth Sahib.

  4. Q: What is the significance of Nagar Kirtan during Guru Nanak Jayanti?

    • A: Nagar Kirtan is a religious procession to celebrate Guru Nanak Dev Ji's teachings and life.

  5. Q: Where is Nankana Sahib, the birthplace of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, located?

    • A: Nankana Sahib is located in present-day Pakistan, and it was originally known as Rai Bhoi Di Talwandi.